Torque for structural bolts. These assemblies’ function by calibrating the torque needed to twist off a splined extension manufactured into the bolt shank. Dry Torque) Partially Lubricated Bolts; Properly Lubricated Bolts; But before we talk about these items, or get to our torque chart, it is imperative you understand the working definition of K-Factor (or “Nut Factor”). 24. 1/2". Material meets ASTM F3125 specifications for quality. Made correctly, the "twist-off" will occur at a bolt pretension above the minimum required. Achieving Proper Bolt Torque: An Introduction to K-Factor. ASTM A490 bolts are heavy hex bolts made of alloy steel with a flat bearing surface, washer faced, and chamfered point. Portland Bolt manufactures heavy hex bolts from 1/2″ diameter through 2-1/2″ diameter in most ASTM, AASHTO, and SAE specifications. The most common heavy hex head screw, these steel screws meet ASTM A325 regulations for structural joints, such as mating I-beams and scaffolding. 8/S bolt is: 20 mm in diameter with a metric thread, the ultimate tensile strength is 800MPa and the yield strength is 640 MPa (8. This is normally the case with galvanized, high strength, heavy hex nuts and the reason for this is because of the wax lubricant applied to the nuts. 0730 0. PROCEDURES FOR HIGH-STRENGTH BOLT-ED JOINTS. 8750 1. They go onto say that this is typically achieved by a few impacts of an impact wrench, the application of an Jan 10, 2015 · The “X”, “SC”, and “N” simply identify the type of connection the bolts are used in. 1 Quantity (number of pieces of bolts and accessories). 0167. A325s have a heavy hex head, a full body diameter, and are normally short in overall length since they are connecting steel to steel. In some cases, bolt heads break off the shanks or threads strip. Nov 10, 2023 · 1. 2. P= 28,747 lb. 1-2000) 3) Bolts thread comply with AS 1275-6g , Nuts thread comply with AS1252-6H 4) Material: Medium Carbon Steel 'Alloy Steel 5) Hot Dip Galvanizing comply with AS 1214 May 22, 2015 · Is stacking of F436 washers acceptable with an A325 bolted connection? Yes, in some cases the stacking of F436 washers seems to be allowed, but not in all cases. 0860 0. Category 4. Until the F3125 specification is more widely used and until the A325 and A490 specifications have been eliminated by ASTM, we will continue to manufacture and sell A325 and A490 heavy hex structural bolts 8. tubes or a case of 24 tubes (enough to do three to five thousand nuts). 2 x 3/4 x 28,747. T = Input Torque (ft-lbs) Snug tight is defined by the AISC/RCSC as when all the plies in a connection have been pulled into firm contact by the bolts in the joint, and the bolts have been tightened sufficiently to prevent removal of the nuts without a wrench. 40. The desired tension on a structural bolt is achieved by using a calibrated torque wrench and a Skidmore-Wilhelm load indicating device to tighten the nut with torque indicated by a verified bolt torque chart. As per AISC We have 3 type of bolts which are commonly used. 9/S: The final level of bolt tightening using high strength structural bolts. 10. These are all indications of non-compliant bolt assemblies Structural Bolts, A325 & A490 : Performance & Mechanical Stats : ASTM A325, Type 1. 6250 0. Grade 2, 5, and 8 values are for plated bolts. Now take this and multiply by the same 72,000 PSI and it results in joints using high strength bolts conforming to IS 3757 : 1985 CHigh strength structural bolts ( second revision )’ tensioned to the mini mum bolts tension specified in this code. 1900 0. The bolt torque calculator helps you make sure you tighten your bolts correctly. ASTM A193 Alloy steel and stainless steel bolting materials for high temperature or high pressure service. The reason this is such a popular method is simple—the This method usually defaults to "twist-off" bolts, sometimes called "tension-control" or TC bolts. Length is measured from under the head. Dimensions meet ASME B18. These bolts are intended for structural connections and, therefore, have shorter thread lengths than standard hex bolts. Oct 13, 2022 · The RCSC manual has all the rules on how to do structural bolting and includes the minimum values. 20. 1. Tightening Torque Range (ft lbs) (Min-Max) Lubricated. ** Fine thread figures are for 1-14. . The A325 and A490 specifications are not designed for general applications. a. These bolts are intended for use in structural connections and therefore have shorter thread lengths than standard hex bolts. 2). 8=640), and it is tightened to (s) “snug tight”. 417 sq-in. Bolts are available with and without a slot in the head. Flange bolts. Oct 29, 2023 · Many structural screws are made from galvanized steel, giving them excellent corrosion resistance. Significant additions to Glossary (bolting assembly, bolting component, bolt tension measurement device, calibrated gap, cure, initial tension, initial torque, job inspection Aug 16, 2017 · Note 1—Bolts for general applications, including anchor bolts, are covered by Specification A 449. The connection is made by an assembling of different components such as: anchor bolts, steel plates, stiffeners. 32. 3750 0. ASTM A320 Alloy steel and stainless steel bolting materials for low temperature service. , reducing the verification lot DTI’s gap below the calibrated gap. ASTM does not have any recommendations in place for the proper tension on general-use bolt specifications such as ASTM A193, A307, A320 Structural bolts. and multiply by 72,000 PSI and you’re left with nearly 30,000 pounds. Heading. Sizes from 1/4 up are in ft. Anchor bolts are used to connect structural and non-structural elements to the concrete. K = coefficient of friction. The “D” represents the bolt’s diameter, the “F” is the axial bolt force, and the “K” represents “k-factor” or “nut factor” which 1. These ASTM grades are all high strength and go through a heat treating process required to develop their mechanical characteristics. 8/S and 10. 13. Market pressure to reduce the cost of steel packages has resulted in global sourcing from regions with varying levels of quality assurance for manufacture of structural bolt assemblies. ) required min. 0 in-lbs. Manufacturing. 1 bolt head and nut dimension locations F and W as shown in the artwork Figure C-2. 16. AISC/RCSC, The Research Council on Structural Connections’, Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts Apr 7, 2023 · An A325T bolt is a fully threaded version of an F3125 grade A325 heavy hex structural bolt. org). 17 K = 0. In addition, typographical changes have been made throughout this Specification. 2 Torque-and-Angle Fixed-Spline Structural Bolting Assembly 2 — a fastener assembly comprised of a torque-and-angle fixed-spline bolt with a suitable nut and at least one washer, installed and tightened using a special electric wrench and socket system which has an inner socket that engages the fixed-spline end of the bolt and with an outer socket that engages and turns the nut, in two Jul 14, 2013 · The minimum tension to verify at the anchor bolts are 20kips and 30 kips. Tightening Torque Range (ft lbs) (Min-Max) Plain. Flange bolts have a flange on the bottom of the head that distributes the load like a washer. 4375 0. There are four main types of anchor bolts: L-shaped, double end rods with plate, headed, […] Lock nuts are used when a specific torque is critical to the assembly to prevent the nut from self-loosening. 8/TB using the same bolts, as discussed in Variation in design Mechanical Properties of ASTM F3125/F3125M Grades A325 & A490 Structural Bolts with Nut Compatibility. The Consequences of Under-Torquing. 1 This specification is a consolidation and replacement of six ASTM standards, including; A325, A325M, A490, A490M, F1852 and F2280. An accepted industry value for K is 0. , but with similar mechanical properties. It is a simple guide that tells the user to rotate the nut a specified amount depending on the bolt length and slope of the items being bolted together. 18. Here we need to discuss: Non-Lubricated Bolts (a. 2) a heavy hex nut and, 3) a structural flat washer. TC bolts consist of a three-piece fastening system with 1) a round head bolt with a truncated, flat surface area at the top of the bolt, and a 24-sided tip which protrudes from the opposite end. 302 sq-in. The only reason for torque tightening structural bolts / setscrews would be to preload them, however, structural bolts / setscrews and nuts manufactured in accordance with BS EN 15048 are not designed to be preloaded, if preloading is required then the only suitable assemblies are high-strength structural bolting assemblies for preloading in This info and more on our specialized A325 Microsite. D = Bolt diameter in inches. Tightening Torque. The RCSC is a not-for-profit corporation, comprised of over 85 leading experts in the fields of structural steel connection design, engineering, fabrication, erection and bolting. Under-torquing – due to insufficient torque also introduces significant risks: Loose Connections – Inadequate torque leads to threaded fasteners loosening over time, especially under vibrational loads. 8,3 The high strength structural nuts to be used with these bolts shall conform to the requirements of IS : 6623-1985 'High strength structural nuts ( first revision)', 8. U. ASTM A449 covers headed bolts , rods, and anchor bolts in diameters ranging from 1/4″ through 3″ inclusive. In addition, you will find the estimated mechanical property requirements for each diameter of bolt required. Also refer to Specification A 449 for quenched and tempered steel bolts and studs with diameters greater than 1½ in. T = Input Torque (ft-lbs) Sep 29, 2014 · The bolts are intended for use in structural connections. Bolts with hexagonal heads and machine threads for use with a nut or in a tapped hole. In many ways, Bayou City Bolt is like the bolts we sell: built with integrity, completely reliable, and a fundamental part of operational stability. 2 was corrected. ASTM-A325 (Structural Bolts)-Fully tensioned & snug tight-70% of tensile strength of bolt. 2 This consolidated standard is to ensure alignment between standards with the same intended end use and to simplify the use and maintenance of structural bolt specifica-tions. %PDF-1. 4 in-lbs. Very few applications outside of industry require higher than a Grade 8 bolt. TC Bolts Fastening System. They are used in structural steel joints in heavy construction applications that require greater yield and tensile strengths than those of an A325 bolt are required. This formula is the cornerstone of understanding how different levels of force and varying distances impact the torque applied to a fastener. Jan 1, 1995 · It has been demonstrated that compared with pin joints the failure loads of the lightly clamped (3 Nm bolt torque) and fully clamped (30 Nm bolt torque) joints, with their full width and end distance laterally constrained between steel plates, increase by 45 and 80% respec- tively. 8 translates to 8x100x0. Approximately 50% of input torque is consumed where the threads of the nut and bolt meet. 2 Size, including nominal bolt diameter, thread pitch, and bolt length. Class 8. Standard A325 bolts have very short thread lengths due to their application as a bolt intended for use in structural steel connections since often it is undesirable for threads to Properties. 3. * Sizes from 4 to 10 are in in. structural bolts. Prior to its withdrawal in 2016, the ASTM A325 specification covered high strength heavy hex structural bolts from 1/2″ diameter through 1-1/2″ diameter. Apply enough torque to deploy the orange media, i. By the Research Council on Structural Connections, Raymond H. Tension (lbs) MAX. STRUCTURAL BOLTSAS1252, DIN 6914 1 ) Dimension's properties comply with ASINZS 1252-1983 2) Mechanical properties comply with AS/NZS 1252 - 1996 (AS4291. 1120 0. 6 specifications. And finally, the torque value for this bolt can be. One end is embedded into the concrete, while the opposite end is threaded to attach structural support. Relatively small changes in the nut face friction can have a significant effect on the May 25, 2024 · The formula for bolt tightening torque calculation is: Torque (Nm) = K × D × P. Take 0. a325 & a490 torque specifications a325 torque specifications bolt diameter ultimate tensile (lbs. 5000. The method statement for bolt tightening describes the methodology and testing for torquing bolts in structural steel used in mechanical equipment provided to commercial buildings, plants, refineries, and equipment structures. T = . Methods of Torquing Structural Bolts. The most common SAE bolt grades are Grade 2, Grade 5, and Grade 8. There are a number of ways by which you can torque structural bolts. Tension Control Bolts Ltd offer a full range of shear wrench sales, hire and repair services. Sep 24, 2019 · The California Building Code (CBC) requires sampling and testing of high-strength structural bolts (HSB) and either periodic or continuous special inspection of high-strength structural bolting operations. 0 Introduction. They are permitted when used in: Previous, current, and future research projects funded by the RCSC serve to provide safety, reliability, and standard practice for the steel construction industry throughout the world. P = 85,000 x . K = 0. This 2016 edition of the Structural Bolting Handbook is based principally upon the June 2014 edition of the RCSC Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts, cited by the 2010 AISC Specification for Structural Steel Buildings (AISC 360-10). Refer to IR 17-8 for material identification, sampling and testing requirements of high-strength structural bolts, nuts and washers. P = bolt tension in foot-pounds. 8 High-Tensile Structural Bolt AS1252. -lbs. A torque of 800 Nm is equivalent to applying a force of 81kg over a 1000 mm long spanner. Allfasteners AS1252 structural bolts are a complete assembly of bolt, nut and washer. 4 When bolts threaded full length are required, Supple- Bolt Size TPI Tension MIN Tension MAX Tightening Torque Range (ft lbs) (Min-Max) Galv + Wax Tightening Torque Range (ft lbs) (Min-Max) Plain; 1/2" 13: 12,000 Manufacturing. Standard A325 bolts have very short thread lengths due to their application as a bolt intended for use in structural steel connections since often it is undesirable for threads to Here is a new vlog on how to tighten the connection bolts on structural steel. This helps determine the right torque for secure fastening. ASTM-A490 (Structural bolts)-Fully tensioned & snug tight-70% of tensile strength The new F3125 specification is a consolidation and replacement of six ASTM standards, including; A325, A325M, A490, A490M, F1852, and F2280. 3125 0. A490 bolts are available in diameters ranging from ½” up Jan 19, 2018 · Reuse of a structural bolt is permitted only when a bolt has not been stressed past its yield point. 2500 0. ASTM A194 2H is also an acceptable substitute. ASTM A490, Type 3. The bolt are A325 - 5/8" and 3/4" diameter. The Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC) in Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts, December 31, 2009, page 16. “X” means these particular A325 heavy hex structural bolts will be used in a bearing type connection where the threads will be excluded from the shear Bolt X has a material cross sectional area of 0. Which values in ft-lbs at click torque wrench makes me feel confident that I have reached the correct minimum tension of tightening. #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #8 #10 1/4 5/16 3/8 7/16 1/2 5/8 3/4 7/8 0. 6. Phone: 800. The tip is calibrated to shear off when the proper tension is applied. They are designated by type denoting chemical composition as follows: Type 1 — Medium-carbon, carbon boron, medium carbon alloy, or alloy boron steel; and Type 3 — Weathering Steel. Screws with machine threads for use with a nut or in a tapped hole. Where: T = torque in foot-pounds. Description: A heavy hex bolt made of medium carbon steel. 0990 0. The reasoning behind one grade being preferred over another normally has Do the installation tools have enough output torque to tighten adequately lubricated fastener assemblies, to at least 105% of minimum required tension? 1. - lb. A quick way of telling if a F3125 Grade A325 bolt has yielded is to attempt to screw a nut onto the bolt. For example, an M20-8. TORQUE-TENSION REFERENCE GUIDE. T = 4,312 in. Portland Bolt manufactures countersunk bolts from 1/2″ diameter through 1-1/2″ diameter in most ASTM, AASHTO, and SAE specifications including, A307 Grade A, A449, and F3125 Grade A325. This specification is for the purchase of structural bolting assemblies and holding down bolts for constructional steelwork and should be used in conjunction with the National Structural Steelwork Specification for Buildings (7th edition) and the Steel Bridge Group: Model Project Specification for the Execution of Steelwork in Applied Technical Services offers Skidmore Bolt Testing for clients looking for pre-installation verification tension and rotational capacity testing of structural fasteners, as well as general fastener testing to determine torque/tension relationships. 3382. ASTM A325 covers high strength structural bolts used in structural steel connections. Machine screws. Downloads To incorporate our range of fasteners and Shear Wrenches into designs, CAD drawings, technical and dimensional details along with quality certificates and installation documents are available to download. Kulak Vice Chairman Emile W. Kyle Pettijohn. Troup Oct 13, 2022 · The RCSC manual has all the rules on how to do structural bolting and includes the minimum values. Available in 15 oz. One thing to note is that with the implementation of ASTM F3125 Grade A325, the mechanical properties differ slightly as indicated below. Also known as hex cap screws or machine bolts. k. IS : 3757 • 1985. e. The F3125 specification is very specific when it addresses thread lengths. ASTM A325 Structural bolts, steel, heat treated, 120/105 ksi How to Calculate Torque. If the nut does not fasten onto the entirety of the bolt’s threads, the bolt has been stressed beyond its yield point. 4. They also come in two types. 1 Bolts manufactured under this specification are intended for use in structural connections covered in the Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts, as approved by the Research Council on Structural Connections. Different design values must be applied than for procedures 8. The RCSC Specification covers the design of bolted joints and the installation and inspection of fastener assemblies in structural steel connections. Inspection: The inspector MUST: Verify pre-installation verification has been performed. 1 of the Research Council on Structural Connection's (AISC/RCSC) Specification for Structural Joints Using High Strength Bolts, 2020. On top of an unrivaled catalog of hard-to-find fasteners with the Dec 20, 2017 · The following is the basic equation to estimate the torque-tension relationship: T = K x P x D. The normal podge spanner is roughly 500 mm long, so assuming that the It is installing a bolt tension measuring device on every bolt, essentially, preinstallation testing every bolt, as they are installed. 48. 1. A typical structural bolt, for example a M24 bolt will typically require a torque of approximately 800 Nm in order to fully tension the bolt. 1 Thesenuts shall be of the property class and finish for each type of bolt as follows: Bolt Property CIs's snd Finish. For ASTM A325 and A490 structural bolts The Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC) recommends: • Commentary Table C-2. Hot dipped galvanised. 417 square inches. 2. Category 8. ) suggested tightening torque (ft. Turn of Nut. bolt tension (lbs. For a rundown of the different grading systems and what they mean, check out this video from The Torque Charts | Atlanta Rod and Manufacturing | Manufacturing of Bolts, Concrete Embeds, Construction Fasteners, and Stainless Steel Bolts – Atlanta Rod and Manufacturing Jan 30, 2021 · 2. For best results, apply wax as a couple stripes along the threads where the nut will thread onto the bolt. ASME Structural bolts. What is Through Bolt? A Through Bolt, a Tap Bolt or Double Headed Bolt is a fastener with two heads for increased stability and torque resistance. Tension Control Bolts, TC Bolts or Twist Off Bolts are now the most popular choice in high-strength structural bolting and formally recognized by the AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction) and the RCSC (Research Council on Structural Connections) as an approved installation method. 11. Sep 23, 2020 · structural steel buildings and bridges . Touch device users explore by touch. A heavy hex bolt made of alloy steel. It is a medium strength bolt manufactured from a medium carbon or alloy steel that develops its mechanical values through a heat treating process. For Bolt N’s calculation the root area must be used (as the shear plane intersects the threads), which is 0. 56. S. Unbrako. Jun 25, 2019 · Applying the appropriate torque to bolts and verifying that the tool that applied the torque was correctly calibrated is essential for structural bolt tightening and for running a safe, effective plant or job site. 0000 1. Consequently, there has been a demonstrable issue with the quality and Bolts – Snug tight, TF, TB or not TB? Bolts used in structural joints are designated by; Tightening procedure. For reference, values from table 8. Currently all high strength structural bolts manufactured to AS/NZS 1252 are imported into Australia by a number of importers/distributors. When search results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Below are the chemical and mechanical requirements per the ASTM A325 specification. This is illustrated in the piechart shown above. A quality engineer (qa/qc) should make sure the tightness of the bolts before Hex bolts. 628. 7500 0. 2-12 says, “If necessary, the next Mar 9, 2018 · Anchor bolts are designed to attach structural elements to concrete. This causes dangerous detachments of components, structural connections, or entire assemblies. This specification examines the of the Council’s Specification for Structural Joints Using High-Strength Bolts continues the tradition of earlier editions. Previous, current, and future research projects funded by the RCSC serve to provide safety, reliability, and standard practice for the steel construction industry throughout the world. The formula to find the value for torque is T=PKD, where. 9472. Mar 14, 2022 · In a 1970 study referenced by the Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC), it was shown that galvanizing increases the friction between the bolt and nut threads as well as the variability of the torque-induced pretension. Unlike other ASTM grades, A325 is specific not only in the chemical and mechanical requirements, but also in the allowed Oct 16, 2007 · The appropriate torque value to use in a specific application is best obtained by using a calibrated torque wrench and a Skidmore-Wilhelm load indicating device to equate actual torque to the desired tension. 8/TF and 8. 5000 0. Cutting. The bearing surface shall be flat and washer faced, and the point is chamfered. Bolt assemblies not performing as intended during tensioning, typically resulting in high installation forces and snapping of bolts in a torque failure mode. 2500 1. A special type of pistol grip nutrunner is the twin motor pow-ered high torque nutrunner for up to 1,500 Nm in which one motor via high-speed gearing runs down the bolt and the second, low-geared motor torques up to the final setting. Skidmore Bolt Testing verifies that the bolt assembly meets the required specifications and Nov 17, 2023 · 1. Oct 30, 2015 · It is possible to have lock washers made or sourced in high strength materials, in specific configurations or manufactured to certain strength requirements, but this would be an unusual and highly custom part that would have to specified by an engineer. Jul 17, 2017 · The turn of the nut method is a very popular and reasonably reliable method for tensioning ( F3125) A325 and A490 structural bolts without the need for expensive torque wrenches or tension measuring devices. Employing this method is as simple as: Snug the connection. Below are examples of the most common methods used in the field. 64. It is intended for general engineering applications. The rust build up also means that fastening the bolts as well as loosening them would require excess torque. amount of torque required to achieve a desired pre-tension bolt load for a given lot of bolts This is necessary because many things can change how easy it is to turn the nut or bolt, and those changing conditions can make a huge difference in the achieved pre-tension The pre-tightening verification of torque must be repeated and a new value The ASTM A325 and A490 specifications cover high-strength heavy hex structural bolts from 1/2" diameter through 1-1/2" diameter. 15,000. ISO 17025 and proper torque calibration. Apr 7, 2023 · An A325T bolt is a fully threaded version of an F3125 grade A325 heavy hex structural bolt. 1250 0. 20. lbs. Bolts installed in the snug-tight condition are permitted in most applications. 4th Floor, First Mall, Mall Road, 141001 Punjab, India Subscribe By signing up you agree to receive relevant emails from the publisher The recommended grade of nut for an ASTM A325 structural bolt is ASTM A563 Grade D, DH, or C. ASTM A490, Type 1. They are used on prefabricated steel buildings. This formula expresses the relationship between the load in a bolt and applied torque. 6/S: The final level of bolt tightening in general structural bolting using commercial bolts. The most significant changes are listed below. Bolts that are brought into a foundation and then fixed to a structural steel work are commonly called “Foundation Bolts”. Feb 17, 2020 · This will reduce the bolts’ load-bearing capacity and cause structural deformation. Tide Chairman Geoffrey L. R. 1640 0. Written September 22, 2014, modified October 30, 2015. 15 K = 0. It is threaded along its entire length to secure two components together. 14. Figure 1: Marked nut, bolt & steel, before and after 2/3 turn. Recommended Bolt Torque Table. To properly address high-strength bolting issues, the Research Council on Structural Connections (RCSC) developed the 2004 edition of the Specification for Structural Joints Using ASTM A325 or A490 Bolts (a free download from www. 5 %âãÏÓ 509 0 obj > endobj 519 0 obj >/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[7177E8F1E9999ECDDAD37DE4577F1B7D>0E9B50076D4C7144A29A7B2FC5A71878>]/Index[509 22]/Info 508 0 R Dec 12, 2018 · They consist of fasteners that capture and join other parts, and are secured with the mating of screw threads. The bolts are furnished in sizes M12 to M36 inclusive. In our industry, anchor bolts are typically used to attach steel to concrete. The higher the grade, the stronger the bolt. “X” and “N” are bearing type connections, where the bolts are being used in shear. While engineers require a certain amount of tension on a bolt, a certain amount of torque must be applied in the field. 8 high-tensile grade. ASTM A307 Carbon steel bolts and studs, 60,000 psi tensile strength. 4th Floor, First Mall, Mall Road, 141001 Punjab, India Subscribe By signing up you agree to receive relevant emails from the publisher Bolt Specifications. Typically only 10% to 15% of the overall torque is actually used to tighten the bolt, the rest is used to overcome friction in the threads and on the contact face that is being rotated (nut face or bolt head). Lubricant for nuts & bolts. Special tooling can be created to produce nonstandard head dimensions or bolt heads with your company’s name and/or logo. Turn of Nut is a method by which structural bolts can be tightened without the use of a torque wrench. 1380 0. 1 Orders for heavy hex structural bolts under this speci-fication shall include the following: 3. ) 5/8” 27100 19000 200 3/4” 40100 28000 355 7/8” 55500 39000 570 1” 72800 51000 850 1 1/8” 80100 56000 1060 1 1/4” 101750 71000 1495 1 3/8” 121300 85000 1960 Typically only 10% to 15% of the overall torque is actually used to tighten the bolt, the rest is used to overcome friction in the threads and on the contact face that is being rotated (nut face or bolt head). 3. 4" by 8" pocket-sized convenience, 144 pages . May 23, 2016 · It is often asked why some high strength hex nuts that are supplied with high strength bolts appear to be blue or some other color. Countersunk bolts have a head angle of approximately 80 degrees. J. 3 Name of product, heavy hex structural bolts. Where "K" is the torque coefficient, "D" is the nominal diameter of the bolt, and "P" is the bolt's clamping force. Partially Threaded. ASTM A449 is virtually identical The grading indicates the material strength of the bolt. Jan 25, 2024 · Torque (τ) can be mathematically expressed as τ=r×F, where r is the radius or distance from the axis of rotation to the point of force application, and F is the force applied. Thanks. boltcouncil. To determine an estimated torque value, use the standard torque formula: T = DFK. Grade A325 bolts are available in diameters from 1/2 to 1-1/2 inch (for diameters greater than 1-1/2, ASTM A449 specifications should be considered) with a minimum tensile strength of 120,000 PSI. Selected by those who depend on quality products installed in there project to meet the requirements of Australian structural standards. 2 This standard applies to high strength bolts used in both friction type and bearing type shear joints and for tension joints. Relatively small changes in the nut face friction can have a significant effect on the 1. That said, lubrication or a lack of lubrication can cause the K factor to range Essentially, snug-tight bolts utilize the higher shear/bearing strength of high-strength bolts with installation procedures similar to those used for ASTM A307 common bolts, which are never fully tensioned (see FAQ 6. zd tl ve qh ul rf dk aa hq hb