Coffered ceiling. This is the easiest way of creating the coffers because it avoids A coffered ceiling is a traditional technique used for centuries both in homes and public buildings, where a section of the normal ceiling is recessed or raised by a series of grids. 8' Ceilings. Coffered ceiling, also known as sunken ceiling, is a classic architectural design which brings out depth and dimension to an, otherwise, plain ceiling. It was used to support the cathedral ceilings and share the load of the structural weight of Coffered ceilings are a series of sunken panels with a boxed beam around them forming squares, rectangles or even octagons. Jan 19, 2024 · A coffered ceiling is a decorative ceiling treatment that consists of a series of recessed panels, known as coffers, set into a grid pattern. It’s the most used architectural style in the ancient times of Romans and Greeks. Coffers can be indented, sunken, or hollowed-out panels. What is a Coffered Ceiling? A “coffer“ is an indentation in architectural terms. The first is placing a roof beam or crossbeam framework on a flat surface. chaos used 1×6 boards, 1×2 boards and crown molding. Coffered ceilings, grid ceiling, vaulted ceilings, barrel ceilings, beamed ceilings, and traditional flat ceilings are all types of ceiling that are made of flat slabs that “cave in” or “accentuate” the space above them. From Laura at Laura Ballard Designs: “Coffered ceilings are rooted deep in history and their original purpose was functional, but in more modern times people started doing them as an architectural feature vs out of necessity. Apr 29, 2021 · The materials for a coffered ceiling cost $3 to $30 per square foot — depending on its type. Remodeling today with millwork means taking what is in place and refreshing it with more style and details, thoughtfully proportioned for each space. The panels can be square, rectangular, or any other shape. For example, real hardwood is the most expensive at $30 per square foot (again depending on the type of wood) while PVC, plywood, and fiberboard are much cheaper at $3 to $20 per square foot. Great room - transitional medium tone wood floor, brown floor, coffered ceiling, brick wall, wainscoting and wallpaper great room idea in Los Angeles with white walls and no fireplace. A standard bedroom size is about 11 feet by 12 feet, or approximately 132 square Coffered ceilings are usually 3 to 5 inches deep, but flat panels are also possible. It really is that simple. Run the first full-length 2x6s perpendicular to the ceiling joists. ft. Plus, the panels can be made from various materials, including wood, plaster, and metal. In the kitchen/dining/living area shown here, we bumped out a 40-ft. : This tab is to review our help section. Their decorative impact, in turn, is practically (and fancifully) limitless. The “caves” or “vaults” help to enhance the A 150-square-foot coffered ceiling costs around $3,000 to $4,500, or $3,750 on average. Coffered ceilings use decorative beams to create a pattern, usually square or diamond. A coffered ceiling, therefore, is a ceiling with a series of pattern indentations. Installing the components. Synopsis: A coffered ceiling can take a room from ordinary to impressive, but a conventional coffered ceiling is expensive and tricky to install. Check out this popular option, Check out the product with the highest review count, the Stratford Faux Tin Feather-Light 2 ft. Choose from black or white and shallow or deep tiles. Alternate black and white tiles or invert tiles for a unique look! Finish with a drywall border to obtain maximum refinement. Wood Coffered Ceilings Aug 7, 2022 · Ceiling work is hard to do… arms raised, head bent back and all on a ladder. When determining the type of coffered ceiling pattern to go with, you should remember that deeper indentations require an even taller ceiling because the coffers will consume so much 2. Aug 15, 2020 · A coffered ceiling makes use of hollow beams, called coffers, to create the illusion of deep indentations in a ceiling. Using that diagram, decide where you want the 1x4 grid on your ceiling to be and how many squares you want. When the coffers are installed very deep, the ceiling will have a dramatic, impressive feel. Photo: Daniel Christopher. These grids, and the spaces left in between the beams, form a geometric pattern that may be further detailed, enhanced, and decorated according to the specifications of a work project or a Nov 15, 2023 · A diy coffered ceiling (sometimes referred to as waffle ceilings!) is a big project so you definitely need a plan! For me, that always starts with finding inspiration. Groin vault ceilings consist of partial arches and domes, which create a very stylish look that looks great in kitchens, dining rooms, and living rooms alike. LVL beam supported by two 3-1/2-in. Choose from low-profile 5” and 8” wide beams for lower ceilings or our Deluxe option that is perfect for larger rooms. This is also ideal for lower ceilings to create Shop the Collection. Our proprietary products combine the best of old-world custom craftsmanship with the efficiency and precision of modern May 29, 2023 · The average cost of coffered ceiling installation ranges from $350 to $8,000. 3. Tray ceilings can be built in a variety of different shapes to suit your design scheme. There are many ways to build a coffer and many styles of beams. 50 to $10. These panels are typically square or rectangular in shape and are separated by beams or moldings. Feb 24, 2023 · Learn what a coffered ceiling is, how it can enhance your home's design and acoustics, and how much it costs to install. 5 m or more for best results. Example of a large classic l-shaped dark wood floor and brown floor open concept kitchen design in Dallas with recessed-panel cabinets, white cabinets, white backsplash, subway tile backsplash, an undermount sink, marble countertops, paneled appliances, an island and gray countertops. 9 / 9. In architectural terms, coffer means indentation. Typically, with a ceiling height of 8 inches or lower, a coffered ceiling can have a depth ranging from 1 1/3 to 3 1/2 inches. You can rest worry-free knowing that EASY ELEGANCE coffered ceilings Jul 25, 2021 · These include screens, ceiling fans, windows, mirrors and so on. A coffered ceiling is a group of sunken panels on the ceiling. 50 per square foot for an average-sized room, tray ceilings are quite a bit cheaper to install than coffered ceilings, which cost between $17 and $60 a square foot. Inspiration for a large timeless l-shaped dark wood floor and brown floor open concept kitchen remodel in Dallas with paneled appliances, white cabinets, white backsplash, subway tile backsplash, an undermount sink, recessed-panel cabinets, marble countertops, an island and gray countertops. : This tab is where you can enter your dimensions and select your design. The indirect lighting of the hidden cove lights can enhance the overall ambiance of the kitchen. However, like a lot of homeowners in the same situation, he had to wait until after he had moved in to install Coffered ceiling is also known as waffled ceiling as the most classic and traditional look was created with the square pattern made with the grid beams like a waffle. ☎️ 210-387-6109 ️ sales@genuinecustomhomes. Its the little things like a coffered ceiling or a walk in pantry or a jaw dropping fire place that really bumps a house up to the next level. If your room size isn't covered by our standard kits, you can Coffered ceilings are architectural ceilings characterized by a series of sunken panels, often square or rectangular, and framed by beams or mouldings. Save Photo. Drywall experts Brian Kitchin and Nick Aitchison have developed a technique for creating a coffered ceiling from EPS moldings and trim that are covered at the factory with a layer of joint compound. Sep 20, 2021 · Coffered ceilings can have varying dimensions, depending on your preferences. The finished look is classic and sophisticated, with a high-end design no one would guess was a DIY project. columns. The best ceiling height for a coffered ceiling is at least 2. This style is often seen in courthouse buildings, hotel lobbies, and other Aug 28, 2023 · A coffered ceiling is a traditional technique used for centuries both in homes and public buildings, where a section of the normal ceiling is recessed or raised by a series of grids. Materials – Coffered ceiling material prices are $2 to $15 per square foot, depending on the wood type and quality. Example of a tuscan carpeted, multicolored floor, coffered ceiling, wallpaper and wood wall family room design in Miami with gray walls, no fireplace and a wall-mounted tv. Then draw a diagram of your ceiling marking the exact layout of anything on the ceiling, like lights, vents, or fans. Mark out a grid. Whether you’re looking for a traditional or contemporary design, we’ve put together a collection featuring some of our best reader-submitted Sorry I can't find a better picture of this coffered ceiling I had done a few years back in a family room of approx. Aside from that, it can also have a width ranging from 4 1/2 inches to 81/2 inches. 19348 Collier Ave. Mar 21, 2020 · 8. They add a dramatic texture and detail to the ceiling, which makes the ceiling more than just a flat overhead surface for a light fixture. It was traditionally used in classical architecture as a way to add decorative touches to a ceiling or to hide structural or support beams. Inspiration for a large craftsman dark wood floor, brown floor, coffered ceiling and wainscoting entryway remodel in Austin with multicolored walls and a dark wood front door. These photos explore the numerous ways this architectural feature has Feb 5, 2020 · Height: Because of the indentations, a coffered ceiling can create the illusion of a higher ceiling. This can be particularly suitable for kitchens with prominent focal points like islands or dining areas. The concept of adding coffers, or sunken panels, to ceilings dates to Ancient Greek and Roman architecture, as decorative touches that also lightened structural loads in stone roofs and domes. Our partners at Heritage Restoration and Design can custom finish your coffered ceiling to match any interior design requirements, from standard stains and varnishes to antique painting techniques. Repeat until all drywall is installed. Jun 20, 2023 · Coffered ceilings feature a grid of beams, often made of wood or plaster, arranged in a straight, diagonal or geometric pattern. I needed to divide the ceiling into sections that made sense visually while The latest coffered ceilings don’t usually perform structural work; they’re now used to disperse sound and reduce echo in rooms with high ceilings and wooden floors, where acoustic quality can be an issue. Molding or other decorative elements can also be added to the grid, depending on the look you are trying to achieve. Coffer translated means “indentation” which is the characteristic of this style. the same dimensions as your dining room, and 10 foot ceiling. &. Crown Combinations. Apr 26, 2023 · We interviewed interior designers about why installing a coffered ceiling for your next reno is a good idea. May 2, 2012 · 15 Coffered-Ceiling Ideas. Large Room Moulding Packages. In our case, we wanted simple so we used 1×6 primed pine boards to outline the beadboard sheets instead of creating beams. Oct 12, 2022 · Coffered ceilings are inspired by early Renaissance and Baroque architecture where the roof beams were exposed showing off the way they cross at different angles. Instead of closed panels, create an open centre design in the Coffered ceiling. Within Coffered Ceiling Tiles, the edge detail options include Square and Tegular. What’s more, all of our Coffered Ceilings, Ceiling Beams & Trusses, Ceiling & Wall Planks and Flooring Planks require just basic carpentry skills and tools so you can Quickly and Easily achieve superior results. These hollow geometric areas in the ceiling are usually made from wood and plaster. Sep 29, 2020 · Tray Ceiling. A coffered tray ceiling is a type of ceiling design that includes a pattern of flat, recessed panels, or coffers. Coffered ceiling cost. A coffered ceiling will cost $15,330 or $68. Contributor Chris Beidel, owner of Pernt [https://www. Flat panels attach to the beams to complete the upscale look. perntstudio. When trim carpenter Gary Katz, a longtime fan of the Craftsman style, moved to a new house in Southern Oregon he decided he wanted a coffered ceiling in his living room. The beam bisected the ceiling into long, narrow areas disproportionate to one another. Crown molding is placed inside the coffer as it is on all the options. Jun 21, 2022 · Traditional coffered ceilings contain a series of hollows or indentations on your ceiling’s surface. 2-ft x 2-ft Cascade White Mineral Fiber Drop Ceiling Tile (12-Pack, 48-sq ft / Case) Shop the Collection. 2-ft x 2-ft Easy Elegance White PVC Drop Ceiling Tile (1-Pack, 4-sq ft / Case) Shop the Collection. Nowadays, coffered tray ceilings are popular in both residential and commercial settings as We would be ecstatic to design/build yours too. There were 3 x 4 sections, and it looked fine. -long exterior wall by 6 ft. There are Our Coffered Ceiling Systems are all-inclusive DIY kits designed to suit various room sizes. /case) . $2. Hardwoods cost more than hollow PVC or plywood when making the coffers. 5" x 84" WOODHAVEN Classic White. Browse family room ideas and discover decorating and design inspiration for your next remodel or update Jul 22, 2022 · In Part 1 we take a look at my signature coffered ceiling. Attach the Side Trim. Each style is available with a traditional “cross” intersection or the more elaborate Diamond, Square, and Circle Coffered ceilings are a historical architectural trait that has made a comeback in modern decor. This design feature has been Nov 7, 2018 · The coffered ceiling is a well-known architectural detail that has been used since ancient times. Shop Work. com. A coffered ceiling is achieved by installing wood or fiberboard planks to create a grid pattern. Armstrong Ceilings. IIRC, the size was approx 36 x 36 and 8" wide grid, and approx 8" deep with 3"crown. Coffered ceilings are also Sep 19, 2019 · All three ceilings begin with creating framing for the cladding and crown. Reena Sotropa. What Is A Coffered Ceiling? In architecture, a “coffer” is a sunken panel in a ceiling, including the interiors of domes and vaults. Coffered ceilings add a beautiful element to any room. Typical Room Moulding Packages. With a cost range of $2. From: Thurman Design Studio. There are two principal methods of creating the look. Design and layout. Use a chalk line to draw the grid on the ceiling. Coffered ceilings are popular—and quite historic. Lay-In Ceiling Tile (160 sq. For ceilings 8 feet or higher, 3 and ½ inch crowns should be used. Coffered Ceiling Systems are DIY kits that contain everything you need to finish certain size rooms. The coffered ceiling has been regarded as an architectural accomplishment of buildings since they were made of stone. A coffered ceiling costs$10 to $40 per square foot installed or $1,500 to $1,600 for a 150-square-foot room. These panels are often arranged in a grid-like pattern and can be made from various materials, including wood and plaster. Coffered Ceiling Inspiration. Sound: Unlike other architecturally-strong ceiling styles, a coffered ceiling absorbs sound, eliminating echoes while keeping noise from being heard in other rooms. May 15, 2016 · A coffered ceiling is a pattern of indentations or recesses in the overhead surface of an interior. Dec 1, 2023 · Coffered ceilings are indented or sunken patterns in a series of square, rectangle, or octagon shapes. In preparation for drywall installation, we added the occasional 2×4 brace between ceiling joists. This is my "signature ceiling deta We make ordering Coffered Ceilings easy. In today’s homes, a coffered ceiling is an architectural feature meant to capture that elegance and sophistication. So call us at 309-266-9771 with your ceiling design and ideas, and let us show you how to make them a reality. Here, a dining room features a wonderful coffered ceiling painted black to match the plate rail. Then, measure, score and cut the drywall to fit each of your “square” openings.   The result is a Quick & Easy way to Upgrade and Enhance your Plain and Boring Drywall Ceilings! Ideal for DIY Homeowners looking to Quickly & Easily enhance A coffered ceiling can take any room to the next level by adding charm and character. The center section is raised, and a border is added, creating the look of an upside-down tray on your ceiling. Cloister Vault Ceilings. A coffer (or coffering) in architecture is a series of sunken panels in the shape of a square, rectangle, or octagon in a ceiling, soffit or vault. Whether you're building a new home, adding a second story, or refreshing an existing room, adding can bring Jul 31, 2020 · 9Wood custom-builds coffers, offering any stain or finish to match your aesthetic needs. Our urethane coffered ceilings are carefully modeled after original historical patterns and design, ensuring an authentic look, and compared to wood, they are light weight, easy to install and Other articles where coffered ceiling is discussed: coffer: …caissons, or lacunaria, and a coffered ceiling might be referred to as lacunar. Coffered Ceilings. Determine the layout of the ceiling grid. These ceilings are distinguished by their raise box-like panels outlined in trim. The coffers are almost always a series of squares, rectangles, or octagons–although there are other designs. com/], a handmade-furniture company in Brooklyn, NY, walks you through this ceiling beautif Sep 6, 2023 · What Is a Coffered Ceiling? A coffered ceiling features recessed panels in a grid pattern created by extended cross pieces. See more ideas about coffered ceiling, ceiling, ceiling design. Receive a quote for your coffered ceiling system by phone or email and review. First pieces hit the joists. The most noticeable feature of coffered ceilings is their decorative 3-dimensional grid. It becomes a work of art in and of itself. It looks phenomenal and I feel like it raises the look of your house to the next pay grade, if you know what I mean. Finalize your ceiling system details and approve your customized design for production. Make sure the longest beams will run parallel to the ceiling joists so they will be properly supported. From the interior indentations on the Roman Pantheon to midcentury modern residences, this decoration has been a popular addition to many domes and ceilings throughout history. To include a world-class custom coffered ceiling in your next project, all you need to do is: Measure your ceiling and submit the dimensions to us at sales@wainscotsolutions. Click for large version. Feb 2, 2024 · White Coffered ceiling in kitchen. With our Coffered Ceiling Designer you can simply enter your dimensions, select your design, and then add to cart. Color: White. Coffers have been used in ceilings for centuries, they are timeless. 24" x 24" Single Raised Panel. x 2 ft. Finally, its length can range from 3 to 5 inches. Step 4: Install Drywall. Nov 18, 2016 · This took two of us about a day to complete. The word “coffer” is derived from the Latin word Coffered ceiling & antiqued cabinets. The coffered ceiling is a ceiling with a series of sunken panels in a variety of forms. 4. Geometric Complexity. In addition to designing coffered ceilings, White River is the best resource for renovation, offering the creation of detailed historic millwork, mouldings, doors, mantels, and carved elements. The rich black paint color adds a sense of depth and makes the room appear larger and taller. Tray ceilings are multi-level ceilings – they start from one height, then drop as you add levels. Nov 21, 2019 - Coffered Ceiling ideas. Tin ceiling prices, crown molding, and medallions—among other extras—can add hundreds more to the project Tom Silva and Jeff Sweenor start working on a coffered ceiling in the Westerly house living and dining roomsSUBSCRIBE to This Old House: http://bit. The modern purpose of coffered ceilings lies in the architectural definition they add to the space. Jan 30, 2024 · The average coffered ceiling cost per square foot ranges from $17 to $60, including materials and contractor fees. In the ceiling above, a paintable wood board is placed on both sides of the frame to extend beyond a board placed between them. Feb 6, 2020 · TMPK: Once Man Coffered Ceiling Feb 24, 2023 · Coffered ceilings feature sunken panels and are commonly made of wood or plaster. The reason why coffered ceilings are better suited for rooms with high ceilings is that rooms with lower ceilings often look cluttered once coffers are added. 14 per square foot for an average 15 x 15 living room with 10-foot ceilings. Oct 11, 2023 · That makes this a good approach for adding a coffered ceiling to an existing house. Sep 8, 2023 · To create the dark stained beams in this DIY coffered ceiling, @champagne. Whole House Interior Moulding Packages. -sq. Measure your ceiling carefully. The result is a visually stunning ceiling with a three-dimensional appearance. Coffered ceiling & antiqued cabinets. This ceiling looks like a grid with beams running either horizontally or diagonally. Build 4 You Inc. . Applying the stain before installing the wood made for easier application. There’s so many ways to customize your coffered ceiling when it comes to the pattern, details, size, paint colors, etc. The coffered ceiling comprised two grids separated by a drop beam, with one grid in the living-room area and the other in the dining area. Coffered ceilings were popular in ancient Greece and Rome and enjoyed a revival during the Renaissance. Create a beautiful coffered ceiling that offers easy installation and requires no maintenance. [1] A series of these sunken panels was often used as decoration for a ceiling or a vault, also called caissons ("boxes"), or lacunaria ("spaces, openings"), [2] so that a coffered ceiling Apr 28, 2021 · Paint it Black. The cheapest coffered ceiling is a drywall ceiling that Coffered ceilings are indented or sunken patterns in a series of square, rectangle, or octagon shapes. Design ideas, tips, and techniques for a unique coffered ceiling in kitchens, living rooms, basements and more. Using construction adhesive and a finish nail gun, secure the side trim (B) pieces to the ceiling supports (A). Paired with floral wallpaper, the space is unique, eye-catching, and elegant. It is a type of ceiling with a pattern of recessed parts rather than a level surface. That sound absorption can help keep sound from wandering into other parts of the house or office, making coffered ceilings ideal for things like bedrooms, living rooms, and spaces where we gather or entertain. 6. This will form the coffered boxes. Oct 20, 2022 · A coffer is a sunken panel of virtually any shape, and as I mentioned earlier, coffered ceilings are traditionally several inches deep and have thick, beam-like, dividers. Some people use an alternative term – Crawford ceilings. Though, a number of factors will affect your final price. Often combined with architectural moulding, pressed metal, timber boards or beams, the sense of elevation creates a dramatic architectural feature that brings With a drop ceiling, you can choose between square edges (visible grid) and tegular/stepped edge tiles (minimizes the grid look, but with more complicated tile cutting) sp you can find a tile that matches your style and skill set. Aug 10, 2022 · A coffered ceiling is a type of ceiling-based architectural detailing, consisting of a series of grids formed by recessed sections or stuck-on mouldings. The pattern creates recessed panels, or coffers, resulting in a striking, three-dimensional effect. The two areas were wrapped around their perimeters by a parapet, formed by a false ceiling framed below the structural one. Apr 19, 2023 · A coffered ceiling is a grid pattern of recessed panels bordered by deep heavy beams. ly/Subscr Jun 27, 2022 · The coffered ceiling molding along with the built ins give this office so much character! Coffered Ceiling History. Find out where to use a coffered ceiling and how it differs from a waffle ceiling. If your project is considered retro “historical,” a coffered ceiling might be a good design to consider. A ceiling with squares resembles an upside-down three-dimensional checkerboard. Coffer. May 12, 2022 · A coffered ceiling is a type of ceiling that features raised panels in a grid pattern. They decoratively hide any imperfections in your ceiling and generate the illusion of height. What For Can I Use A Coffered Ceiling? Feb 11, 2021 · With this type of ceiling, you will get the exceptional drama that comes with a combination of angles and curves. FREE SHIPPING! Our patented, Custom-Fit Box Beam Coffered Ceiling Systems are a premium, manufactured-to-order solution for completing an authentic, box beam style coffered ceiling treatment on ANY ceiling size or shape. To start, a grid is created with 2x4s. Aug 6, 2020 · Steps to Install a Simple DIY Coffered Ceiling. The coffered ceilings are a traditional architectural Oct 13, 2023 · The following factors affect the cost to install a coffered ceiling: Labor cost – Labor to install a coffered ceiling costs $8 to $25 per square foot on average, depending on the ceiling size, design, and any added elements. Sep 11, 2020 · They can also absorb excess sound and create a greater sense of calm than a room where large, flat surfaces define the ceiling. Though many homeowners still prefer the antique appeal of dark wooden beams and paneling systems, many people now play with the dimensions of a room by altering the traditional face of these grid ceilings. Those individual coffers can be further designed to complement, contrast or add texture to an interior – be it the Oct 9, 2023 · A coffered ceiling is a type of decorative ceiling design that features a series of sunken panels or coffers. Once the ceiling supports (A) are secured to the ceiling, cut the side trim (B) to fit the outside of the ceiling supports (A). 9' Ceilings. Designed by Amy Coslet & Sherri DuPont Photography by Lori Hamilton. Value: According to reports, a coffered ceiling can increase your home's resale First coat with a paintbrush and then wipe with a clean cloth to expose the wood grain. The choice of three-dimensional geometric option and the complexity of design is the major factor affecting the price of coffered ceiling. Although they were an essential element in older homes meant to help distribute weight across larger ceilings, they have become less function… Jul 6, 2021 · In general, a deep coffered ceiling is ideal for ceilings over 2 feet and 6 inches high with crowns of 4 and 5/8 inches. However, the actual installation cost depends upon several factors, including: 1. After carefully laying out the location of each beam on the ceiling, snap chalklines to create a grid. Larger rooms with high ceilings may have a depth between 3 and 6 inches for better structure and visual appeal. These recessed panels create a grid-like pattern on the ceiling, adding depth, dimension, and a sense of architectural elegance to a space. Jul 20, 2023 · A contractor installing a drop ceiling panel. Tray Ceiling. 2. Tray Ceilings have only one indentation, though. : You can view a rendering of the style you have Like a coffered ceiling, a tray ceiling also relies on an indentation to create visual interest. 10'+ Ceilings. Each kit comes in styles ranging from the traditional 'cross' intersection to more elaborate Diamond, Square, and Circle designs. The word ‘coffer’ in Latin means ‘hollowed container’ or ‘basket’. "A coffered ceiling is a design that creates a beautiful effect that not only adds architectural detail to your home but also ultimately creates depth and visual interest around a room’s fifth wall," says Erika Soza-Mejia of Concept 2 Design . Jul 20, 2017 · A coffered ceiling adds dimension and texture to a space and is a wonderful addition for high ceilings. Using 2-inch drywall screws, secure the drywall to the new 2×4 braces and existing ceiling joists. Sep 3, 2020 · Coffered ceilings are the classic architectural design that consists of a series of square, polygonal, or rectangular grids in sunken or recessed panels. $17 to $60. 50. Classically Inspired Moulding Packages. Coffered Ceiling. Opt for our 5” or 8” wide beams for rooms with lower ceilings, or choose the Deluxe kit for larger spaces. 06 of 15. and replaced it with a 16-in. May 22, 2019 · Coffered ceilings can involve these features as well, while adding an illusion of space to the room. ol em km bb go ud ou bq oa he